It has been argued that community institutions, cultural norms, social capital and the local context aresome of the main determinants of supply and demand of social service provision and health andeducation related outcomes (Filmer 2003). The purpose of this research project is to examine CivilSociety Organisations in general and in particular Faith Based Organizations when it comes to socialservice provision in a development context (Sida 2004a) and more precisely, their configurations,options, expectations, limitations and eventually growing roles. The main question is: In what way doesthe provision of social services by Faith Based and Secular Organizations affect the outcome of such services in the contextof development? The focus is on basic social service provisions that are directly related to humandevelopment and poverty (cf. Prop 2002/03:122, World Bank 2004, Sida 2004b). As an empirical casestudy, Lebanon, amid its complex configurations of different confessional Faith Based Organizationsand secular social service providers, will be the focal point for this research. The regulating, financingand providing of social services in the MENA-region are mainly a traditional public responsibility.However, Faith Based Organizations as well as secular social organizations play a major role in theinteraction between clients, providers and policymakers (World Development Report 2004).In order to examine the possible correlation between social service provision and its outcomes, weneed to develop and understand the local context and the main determinants in Lebanon, based intheory and capable of being validated by empirical data. For this purpose, we will use three models: Thefirst one is Filmer’s model of social service provision and the determinants of health and educationoutcomes. The outcomes can be described in terms of level of child mortality, child nutrition, schoolcompletion, learning and/or achievements (Filmer 2003, Arab Human Development Reports 2002,2003, 2004, 2005). The second model is taken from Mansuri & Rao and their framework oncommunity-based and community-driven development. They argue that governments, the public,private sectors as well as citizens, through civil society, use a variety of community based-methodswhich are the essential ingredients of human development, such as education, health, water, sanitation,and electricity. (Mansuri & Rao 2003). The third model is “the Associationist Model” which develops aframework for the funding, regulation and implementing of social services from different socialproviders (Hogget & Thompson 1998.We believe that one important factor which could influence the decision whether a citizen would selectone form of social provision before another is the general or particularized trust expressed towards theproducer of these services. (Rothstein 2002, Uslaner 2000, Cross 2005. From Svedberg & Trägårdh2007). That is also the case in Lebanon where, for instance, NGOs and the private sector isdominating the health and education sectors as alternatives to an absent and what many consider acorrupt public sector (Lebanese Centre for Policy Studies 1999). Civil Society is replacing the state inthese sectors at the same time as the political role of religion is on the rise in Lebanon. Data will bepresented from the last World Values Survey, conducted in Lebanon during 2008.