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Patienters upplevelse av behandling vid hemodialys: En litteraturöversikt
Marie Cederschiöld University, Department of Health Care Sciences.
Marie Cederschiöld University, Department of Health Care Sciences.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Patients' experience of hemodialysis treatment : A literature review (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Hemodialys är den vanligaste behandling för patienter vid svår njursvikt då njurarna har förlorat delar eller helt sin funktion. Hemodialys ordineras vid kronisk njursvikt som livsuppehållande behandling då njurarna inte kan utföra sina funktioner, behandlingen kan medföra fysisk, psykisk och sociala begränsningar för patienten

Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka patienters upplevelse av behandling vid hemodialys.

Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt baserad på 10 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar. Data samlades in från databaserna CINAHL Complete och PubMed, vilket ansågs mest relevanta för ämnet. Artiklarna analyserades utifrån Fribergs (2022) modell.

Resultat: Patienter anpassar sig olika beroende på dialystyp. Sjukhusbaserad hemodialys kräver noggrann planering, medan hemhemodialys integreras i vardagen. Stöd från familj och vårdpersonal är viktigt. Behandlingen begränsar dagliga aktiviteter, sociala sammanhang och arbete. Utmaningar inkluderar kost- och vätskebegränsningar, ekonomiska bekymmer och trötthet. Hopp om njurtransplantation motiverar patienter att fortsätta behandlingen, trots osäker framtid. Vissa ser dialysen som livsuppehållande, andra som en påminnelse om sjukdomens allvar.

Slutsats: Patienter med hemodialys möter både praktiska och emotionella utmaningar. De måste planera sin tid noggrant, men osäkerheten kring deras mående efter behandlingen komplicerar detta. Hemhemodialys ger en känsla av frihet men kan också skapa känslor av otillräcklighet. Kost- och vätskebegränsningar är påfrestande och kan leda till social isolering. Bristen på tydlig information gör det svårare att följa behandling och livsstilsrekommendationer. Känslomässigt och socialt stöd från familj, samt hoppet om en njurtransplantation, hjälper patienter att hantera situationen. 

Abstract [en]

Background: Hemodialysis is the most common treatment for patients with severe kidney failure when the kidneys have partially or completely lost their function. Hemodialysis is prescribed in cases of chronic kidney failure as a life-sustaining treatment when the kidneys can no longer perform their functions. The treatment may lead to physical, psychological, and social limitations for the patient.

Purpose: The purpose was to investigate patients' experience of hemodialysis treatment.

Method: A systematic literature review based on 10 qualitative scientific articles. Data were collected from the databases CINAHL Complete and PubMed, which were considered most relevant to the topic. The articles were analyzed based on Friberg's (2022) model.

Results: Patients adapt differently depending on the type of dialysis. Hospital-based hemodialysis requires careful planning, while home hemodialysis is integrated into everyday life. Support from family and healthcare professionals is important. Treatment limits daily activities, social interactions, and work. Challenges include dietary and fluid restrictions, financial concerns, and fatigue. Hope for a kidney transplant motivates patients to continue treatment, despite an uncertain future. Some see dialysis as lifesustaining, others as a reminder of the seriousness of the disease.

Conclusion: Patients on hemodialysis face both practical and emotional challenges. They need to plan their time carefully, but uncertainty about how they will feel after treatment complicates this. Home hemodialysis provides a sense of freedom but can also create feelings of inadequacy. Dietary and fluid restrictions are stressful and can lead to social isolation. The lack of clear information makes it more difficult to adhere to treatment and lifestyle recommendations. Emotional and social support from family, as well as the hope of a kidney transplant, helps patients cope. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 32
Keywords [en]
Hemodialysis, Experiences, Self-care, Person-centered care
Keywords [sv]
Hemodialys, Upplevelser, Egenvård, Personcentrerad vård
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-11533OAI: oai:DiVA.org:esh-11533DiVA, id: diva2:1969578
Educational program
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Uppsok
Medicine
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-06-19 Created: 2025-06-15 Last updated: 2025-09-22Bibliographically approved

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