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Ungdomskriminalitetens utveckling ur ett professionellt perspektiv: En kvalitativ studie om professionellas syn på orsaker, riskfaktorer och insatser
Marie Cederschiöld University, Department of Social Work.
Marie Cederschiöld University, Department of Social Work.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
The development of youth criminality from a professional perspective : A qualitative study on professionals views on causes, risk factors, and interventions (English)
Abstract [sv]

Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie har varit att undersöka ungdomskriminalitetens utveckling i Sverige mellan 2015 och 2025 ur ett professionellt perspektiv. Genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju yrkesverksamma - däribland socialsekreterare, polis, brottsutredare och journalist - analyseras hur orsaker, riskfaktorer och insatser uppfattas och har förändrats över tid. Studien visar att ungdomskriminaliteten har förskjutits från mängdbrott till grovt våld, där gärningspersonerna blivit yngre och våldet mer impulsivt och brutalt. Strukturella faktorer såsom segregation, ekonomisk ojämlikhet och försvagade sociala band lyfts fram som centrala bakomliggande orsaker. Samtidigt beskrivs hur kulturella influenser från gangsterrap och sociala medier bidragit till att förstärka kriminella normer och rekryteringsmönster. Analysen utgår från Mertons strainteori, Hirschis teori om sociala band, Goffmans stigma och systemteoretiska perspektiv, vilka tillsammans bidrar till en fördjupad förståelse av kriminalitet som ett resultat av samspel mellan individ, struktur och samhällsnarrativ. Studien pekar på behovet av långsiktiga, samordnade och tillitsbyggande insatser för att möta ungdomskriminalitetens komplexitet i dagens Sverige. 

Abstract [en]

This qualitative study aims to explore the development of youth criminality in Sweden between 2015 and 2025 from the perspective of professionals. Through semi-structured interviews with seven practitioners - including social workers, a police officer, a criminal investigator, and a journalist - the study examines how the causes, risk factors, and interventions related to youth crime are perceived and how they have evolved over time. The findings reveal a shift from petty crimes to more severe acts of violence, with offenders becoming younger and the nature of the crimes more impulsive and brutal. Structural factors such as segregation, economic inequality, and weakened social bonds are highlighted as key underlying causes. Additionally, cultural influences from gangsta rap and social media are seen to reinforce criminal norms and recruitment patterns. The analysis is grounded in Merton’s strain theory, Hirschi’s social bond theory, Goffman’s concept of stigma, and systems theory, providing a nuanced understanding of crime as an outcome of the interplay between individual agency, structural conditions, and societal narratives. The study emphasizes the need for long-term, coordinated, and trust-building efforts to address the complexity of youth criminality in contemporary Sweden. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 63
Keywords [en]
Youth crime, Professional perspectives, Juvenile delinquency, Gang violence, Preventive interventions
Keywords [sv]
Ungdomskriminalitet, Professionellas perspektiv, Ungdomsbrottslighet, Gängvåld, Förebyggande insatser
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-11459OAI: oai:DiVA.org:esh-11459DiVA, id: diva2:1964947
Educational program
Socionomprogrammet
Uppsok
Social and Behavioural Science, Law
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-06-09 Created: 2025-06-06 Last updated: 2025-09-22Bibliographically approved

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