BACKGROUND AND AIMS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination as an important and engaging topic once again entered the public debate in many countries, including Sweden. In particular, the varying degree to which different social groups tend to choose to get vaccinated was raised as a point of discussion on the agenda. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of various forms of trust, especially community trust, in the explanation of vaccine coverage in the Swedish COVID-19 immunisation programme.

METHODS: In this study, individual survey data from the Swedish Trust Barometer were aggregated and combined with socio-demographic register-based data at Regional Statistical Areas (RegSO) to examine the relationship between trust and vaccine coverage at the local community level.

RESULTS: The results showed that both generalised and institutional trust seemed to be essential when it comes to explaining vaccination coverage. In addition, we showed that community trust, that is, trust in neighbours and people living in the neighbourhood, was an even stronger factor when it comes to explaining vaccination coverage at the local level.

CONCLUSIONS: This article contributes to the literature on trust in relation to health care by identifying a new dimension of trust with significance to immunisation that is worthy of future scholarly attention.