När våra erfarenheter osynliggörs i den nationella strategin mot ensamhet riskerar den att missa de som kanske behöver gemenskap allra mest. Det skriver en grupp kvinnor med erfarenhet av hemlöshet och våld, tillsammans med forskare i projektet VOXEEED vid Marie Cederschiöld högskola. 

This study investigates girls' perspectives on participation in decision-making through group interviews with girls (n = 12) aged between 10 and 15 years involved in athletics, basketball, and football. An abductive thematic analysis based on Lundy's model revealed that not only are the coach's efforts in facilitating children's participation important, but children also bear a responsibility to engage with their peers. Thus, Lundy's model is insufficient from a child's perspective on children's participation in sports. Findings also revealed girls' uncertainties and reluctance to make decisions, with performance and ability cited as reasons for their disengagement from the decision-making process.

Kvinnor som söker sig bort från våld får inte riskera hemlöshet och skadligt bruk – stödet måste hålla hela vägen, skriver forskarna Ingrid Wijk och Åsa Kneck.

People in homelessness face significant health inequities, with tri-morbidity, exposure to violence, substance use- and post-traumatic stress disorder. The aim of this scoping review was to describe treatments for trauma-related conditions for persons in homelessness. Systematic searches were performed in three databases: PubMed, PsycInfo and Scopus, guided by the PRISMA checklist. Nine studies fulfilled the criteria and were included in the review. Results show no randomized studies specifically focusing on treatment of trauma-related conditions for people in homelessness. Studies described interventions or programs that focused on consolidating and developing participants’ own strengths and skills to better navigate life with the challenges of homelessness, trauma, and PTSD. Treatment of trauma-related conditions may have positive effects for people in homelessness, as for others. Multimodal treatments, developing personal strengths and skills for people in homelessness, show potential to decrease trauma symptoms, however, more robust studies are needed for inferences and recommendations. 

BACKGROUND: People experiencing homelessness are at increased risk of violence and abuse, however, there is insufficient knowledge about rates of inquiry or readiness of healthcare professionals to address violence and abuse among this population. This study aimed to explore healthcare professionals' experiences and perceptions of asking about violence and abuse among patients experiencing homelessness.

METHODS: This study used a qualitative, interpretive, and exploratory design. We performed focus group discussions with healthcare professionals (n = 22) working at an integrative healthcare unit for people experiencing homelessness. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, following Braun and Clarke's six-phase approach. Findings are reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist.

RESULTS: The overarching theme of the analysis is that addressing violence and abuse is at risk of "falling through the cracks". The theme is supported by three sub-themes: Hesitance to address violence and abuse, The complex dynamics of violence and abuse in homelessness, and Challenges in addressing violence and abuse amidst competing priorities and collaborative efforts. The normalisation of violence and abuse within the context of homelessness perpetuates a "cycle" where the severity and urgency of addressing violence and abuse are overlooked or minimised, hindering effective interventions. Moreover, healthcare professionals themselves may inadvertently contribute to this normalisation. The hesitance expressed by healthcare professionals in addressing the issue further reinforces the prevailing belief that violence and abuse are inherent aspects of homelessness. This normalisation within the healthcare system adds another layer of complexity to addressing these issues effectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and coordinated efforts that not only address the immediate physical needs of people experiencing homelessness but also challenge and reshape the normalised perceptions surrounding violence and abuse. By prioritising awareness, education, and supportive interventions, we can begin to "break the cycle" and provide a safer environment where violence and abuse are not accepted or overlooked.

Background: Physical activity is important for all children's health, but it has become something exclusive with demands for membership, transportation options, organized forms, at given places and times. Physical activity is often equated with sports, where groups of children who are not sports-active are rarely given a voice in either research or public debate.

Aim: The aim was to analyze how girls from a multi-ethnic area, not doing sports, reason about their wellbeing during leisure time, and how they think about physical activities, social relations, and their near future.

Methods: The project utilized a longitudinal, visual, and participatory approach, tracking a cohort of non-sportactive girls over three years. Data collection involved the girls taking photos of their daily lives, which formed the basis for interviews in focus groups (photo-elicitation) with girls aged 9-12. Additionally, a follow-up study employed a photo-voice method, with girls aged 12-15 collectively analyzing photos and determining new discussion themes. Focus areas encompassed physical activity, leisure, and health. The photo-voice method also facilitated engagement with society, including a public photo exhibition where girls presented their photos and posed questions to decision-makers in politics, education, andcivil society. This exhibition garnered attention from radio and newspapers.

Results: The project found that girls doubted the feasibility of meeting the WHO's one-hour daily physical activity goal. Boys were seen as more active than girls in leisure time, breaks, and physical education classes. Girls believed increased school physical education classes would benefit already active students, feeling sidelined by more competitive peers, often boys. Resistance to getting sweaty at school hindered increased physical activity. Ideally, girls wanted to be active with family, mainly on special occasions.

Conclusion: The study concludes that equating physical activity with sports participation makes it difficult for groups unable or unwilling to participate in organized sports to maintain healthy levels of physical activity. This affects equal health opportunities as sedentary lifestyles become more common, emphasizing the need to prioritize physical activity amid competing interests.

Background: Visual material, such as photos or images, can serve as tools for communication, capable of evoking memories, emotions, and fostering dialogue. Particularly for individuals facing vulnerabilities such as physical and mental health issues, substance abuse, and/or distrust towards authorities, photos can provide alternative communication channels. Using visual material can offer individuals choices and interpretative space, but also serve as an ice-breaker in conversations.

Aim: Describing the process of using visual material in a collaborative project where photos and images were an integral part of data collection and clinical improvement efforts.

Methods: Photos associated with health and well-being, as well as with living conditions during Covid-19, were used in research interviews with women in homelessness. Visual material was used to inform about support services related to abuse and to raise awareness about violence when being homeless.

Three approaches were used to identify photos:

1. Researcher-generated photo-elicitation with photos chosen by the research team.

2. Collaborative photo-elicitation, where the research group provided a large number of photos forselection by women with firsthand experiences of homelessness and violence.

3. Development of visual material through iterative exchanges between the research group, women with firsthand experiences of homelessness and violence, and healthcare personnel from a primary care unit specializing in acute homelessness.

Results: The selection process for photos unveiled varying perceptions among different groups regarding the visual material. Overall healthcare personnel deemed photos more emotionally charged and offensive compared to women with experiences of homelessness and violence. For the interviewing researcher, photos were perceived to enable a sensitive approach with regard to the target group's ability to engage in research but for the women being interviewed the photoes could have less of an impact.

Conclusion: Photos convey diverse meanings, highlighting the necessity of considering multiple perspectives in the selection process. While participant-generated photos might have proven more effective, the utilization of available options provided valuable insights.

Background: Physical inactivity is a growing public health issue, especially for children and youth. In Sweden, as inmany other countries, children's level of physical activity is closely linked to participation in sports movements, where participation for most is a part of childhood and parenthood. While the sportsmovement is intended as a health-promoting and inclusive activity, participation is stratified based on gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Girls from families with lower socioeconomic status and those with foreign-born parents have the lowest participation rates. Although physical activity is a universal human need and central to health, sports are a cultural phenomenon dominated by male norms and ideals. The Swedish sports movement has a distinct Nordic character with a high degree of organization, membership requirements, and voluntary parental involvement. In order for the sports movement to become the health-promoting arena that enables participation for all children, more knowledge is needed about how immigrant parents perceive girls' participation in sports. However, research with minority groups based on questions that may be perceived as normative Swedish values is sensitive and requires special methodological considerations.

Aim: The aim was to shed light on girls' lower participation by examining how parents with non-European and Swedish backgrounds view physical activity and their daughters' sports participation.

Methods: In a multi-stage model, culturally adapted questions regarding perceptions and experiences about physical activity, organized sports, childhood, and health, as well as the differences between boys and girls regarding these issues, were developed. Focus groups in different mother tongues are rare and especially in languages that the researchers themselves do not master, which required special preparations, including a trust-building recruitment process.

Results: Ten focus group interviews were conducted among parents born in Syria, Somalia, Eritrea, and Sweden. Questions and inspirational material for the focus groups contributed to discussions and data generation.

Conclusion: Among parents born in different countries, there were both similarities and differences regarding perceptions of physical activity, sports, and health. Differences in boys' and girls' needs for physical activity, an unsafe neighborhood, and a demanding life as parents emerged as explanations for children's different participation in the sports movement.

Background: In nursing research, we study many phenomena that vary and change over time, for example, patient pathways, health or life transitions, or implementation of nursing interventions. In general, longitudinal data materials are more suited for studying change, and longitudinal qualitative data collections are becoming more common. Method literature regarding Qualitative Longitudinal Research (QLR) emphasizes that change in a phenomenon through time should be in focus of a QLR study. However, inempirical studies, the emphasis on time/change in the findings varies greatly. There are also limited descriptions in the method literature regarding how longitudinal findings can be presented logically and succinctly.

Aim: In this method study we developed and described a typology of alternative approaches for integrating time and/or change in QLR findings.

Methods: An adapted scoping review design was used and qualitative articles with longitudinal data collection published between 2017-2019 were identified in Medline and Cinahl through the EBSCOhost interface. In total, 299 articles were included, and their methods and results sections were extracted and analyzed with inspiration from content analysis.

Results: The final typology included three types and seven subtypes based on the underlying structural principle of how time/change was integrated into the findings. In Type A, the findings had a low utilization of the longitudinal data, the longitudinal data collection mostly contributed to a rich and varied data material. In Type B, a timeline approach was used as a way to chronologically structure the results. In contrast, Type C focuses upon changes through time; either focusing on changes in themes through time, changes in cases through time, or describing changing processes.

Conclusion: This method study describes a coherent and comprehensive typology of approaches for presenting QLR results. It is important to keep in mind that there are no good or bad approaches, but depending upon research aims and data collection practices some approaches might be a better choice for certain research projects. The examples provided can support researchers in making an informed choice in how they want to present their QLR findings.

Genom idrottsrörelsens verksamhet förväntas ett brett spektrum av mervärden, utöver enbart idrottslig utveckling och sportsliga framgångar. Främjandet av fysisk aktivitet, samhörighet, meningsfull fritidssysselsättning, social inkludering, integration, demokratisk fostran och brottförebyggande arbete bidrar till att motivera statlig och kommunal finansiering. I det implicita kontraktet mellan staten och idrottsrörelsen ingår även en aktiv strävan att vara öppen och tillgänglig för alla. Engagemanget för breddat deltagande utspelar sig i hög grad inom lokala medlemsbaserade föreningar, där ideella ledare står inför komplexa utmaningar. Ledaren har en nyckelroll, navigerar genom behov och förväntningar från utövare, föräldrar, styrelser och stat där egna förmågor och resurser blir avgörande. För att underlätta för den ideella lokala ledaren behövs olika former av stödstrukturer som behöver synliggöras tillsammans med ledarnas förutsättningar och bidrag till idrottsrörelsen.